SEARCH & FILTER

Research Studies

This tool allows education practitioners and researchers to quickly access quantitative research on tutoring program effectiveness. These 200+ research studies were selected due to their rigorous research designs which align with What Works Clearinghouse and Every Student Succeeds Act standards for moderate and strong evidence of intervention efficacy. Many studies were originally identified by their inclusion in recent meta-analyses (Baye et al., 2018; Neitzel et al., 2021; Nickow et al., 2020). Research may be sorted by grade level, subject, and tutor type in order to explore the evidence base for particular program designs. This database does not include qualitative research on best practices for tutoring implementation, for which we recommend exploring our District Playbook and Toolkit for Tutoring Programs.

Displaying 1 - 30 of 289

Tutor CoPilot: A Human-AI Approach for Scaling Real-Time Expertise. (2026). Wang, R. E., Ribeiro, A. T., Robinson, C. D., Loeb, S., & Demszky, D.. National Student Support Accelerator

Exploring the Potential of Outcomes-Based Contracting: Findings from Initial Implementations. (2025). Lu, A., Groom-Thomas, L., & Loeb, S.. Education Finance and Policy

Beyond the One-Teacher Model: Experimental Evidence on Using Embedded Paraprofessionals as Personalized Instructors. (2025). Huffaker, E., Lee, M.G., Zhou, H., Robinson, C.D., & Loeb, S.. EdWorkingPapers.com

Challenges and Strategies to Scale High-Impact Tutoring: Learning from School Districts' Implementation Efforts. (2025). White, S. M., Groom-Thomas, L. J., Lu, A., & Loeb, S

Educator Attention: How Computational Tools Can Systematically Identify the Distribution of a Key Resource for Students. (2025). Zhang, Q., Wang, R. E., Ribeiro, A. T., Demszky, D., & Loeb, S.

Personalized Learning Initiative Interim Report: Findings from 2023-24. (2025). Bhatt, M., Chau, T., Condliffe, B., Davis, R., Grossman, J., Guryan, J., & Stoddard, G.

Understanding Disruptions: Causes of and Variation in Lost Instructional Time. (2025). Beberman, X., Novicoff, S., Ribeiro, A. Robinson, C.D., & Loeb, S.. EdWorkingPapers.com

The Power of Personalized Attention: Comparing Pedagogical Approaches in Small Group and One-on-One Early Literacy Tutoring. (2025). Hsieh, H., Gormley, D., Robinson, C.D., & Loeb, S.. EdWorkingPapers.com

Does Instructional Alignment Affect the Impact of Tutoring?. (2025). Jackson, C., & Shakeel, A.. EdWorkingPapers.com

The Influence of Culturally Responsive Literacy Practices on Students’ Literacy Motivation. (2025). Anderson, A., Sodani, D. G., Dennis, T., Smith, M., & Irvine Belson, S. . Sage Journals

The Impact of High-Impact Tutoring on Student Attendance: Evidence from a State Initiative. (2025). Lee, M. G., Loeb, S., & Robinson, C. D. . EdWorkingPapers.com

Examining the Academic Efects of Cross‑age Tutoring:
A Meta‑analysis. (2025). Chang, Mauer, Wanzek, Kim, Scammacca, Swanson. Springer Nature Link

A Scalable Approach to High-Impact Tutoring for Young Readers: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. (2025). Chapter 1

Tutoring Young Children at Risk of Developing Reading Difficulties: Effects of an Early Tutoring Intervention on Literacy Skills and Executive Functions. (2025). Julie K. Seerup , Jens Dietrichson , Vibeke M. Jensen and Paul Bingley. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR)

The Inequity of Opt-in Educational Resources and an Intervention to increase Equitable Access. (2025). Robinson, Bisht, Loeb. Sage Journals

Engagement and learning benefits of goal setting with rewards in human-ai tutoring. (2025). Borchers, C., Houk, A., Aleven, V., & Koedinger, K. R.. Springer

Experimental Evidence on the Impact of Tutoring Format and Tutors: Findings from an Early Literacy Tutoring Program. (2025). Hashim, S., Miles, K. P., & Croke, E. EdWorkingPapers.com

When interventions don’t move the needle: Insights from null results in education research. (2025). Huffaker, E., Robinson C. D., Bardelli, E., White, S., and Loeb, S.. EdWorkingPapers.com

Business Not as Usual: Understanding Factors for Organizational Change after a Crisis. (2025). Lu, A., Loeb, S., & Waymack, N.. Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education

The Impact of Tutor Gender Match on Girls' STEM Interest, Engagement, and Performance. (2025). Bleiberg, J., Robinson, C.D., Bennett, E., & Loeb, S.

Tutoring: to hire or not to hire pro? What are the differences?. (2024). Papi, C., Charbonneau, C., Beauparlant, R., & Beigas, M.

Air Reading: A Randomized Evaluation of a Virtual Tutoring Model. (2024). Neitzel, A. & Storey, N.

Five Recommendations to Implementing Cross‐Age Tutoring in Reading. (2024). Chang, A., & Mauer, E. . Wiley

L2 motivation in shadow education: analysing students’ L2 learning experience in online English private tutoring . (2024). Yung, K. W. H., & Wong, S. F. P.. Taylor & Francis Online

Family Perspectives of University Reading Clinic/Literacy Lab Experiences: What Matters. (2024). Deeney, T. A., Dozier, C. L., Laster, B., Gallagher, T. L., Waller, R., Rhodes, J. A., ... & Ferrara, P. . Sage Journals

Special Education Teachers' Perspectives on Tutoring by Local College Students. (2024). Hord, C., Berman, T., Pescatrice, S., Vogt, E., & Hoehn, L. ERIC

Scaling High-Impact Tutoring: School Level Perspectives on Implementation Challenges and Strategies. (2024). Makori, A., Burch, P., & Loeb, S. . EdWorkingPapers.com

Does peer tutoring have negative effects? An investigation and intervention on tutors’ implicit theories and beliefs of intelligence. (2024). Gandolfi, E., Limata, T., Favatà, R., & Ianì, F.. Taylor & Francis Online

The Promise of Tutoring for PreK–12 Learning: A Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis of the Experimental Evidence. (2024). Andre Nickow, Philip Oreopoulos, Vincent Quan. ERIC

The impact of a high-dosage tutoring program on reading achievement of beginning readers: A multi-level analysis. (2024). Kortecamp, K., & Peters, M. L.. Taylor & Francis Online